{"id":228,"title":"Testing if Sharks Can Smell a Drop of Blood","description":"Former NASA engineer Mark Rober travels to the Bahamas to scientifically test the common myth that sharks can smell a single drop of blood from a mile away. He conducts two main experiments: the first compares sharks' attraction to cow's blood, fish oil, urine, and seawater, finding a significant preference for blood. The second experiment tests their sensitivity to human blood at different drip rates, revealing that even a relatively fast drip doesn't trigger a frenzy. The video documents the engineering of the custom-built, remote-controlled pumping systems, the experimental process, and culminates in Rober and his team scuba diving with dozens of sharks, capturing incredible close-up footage.","slug":"testing-if-sharks-can-smell-a-drop-of-blood","creator":"MarkRober","duration":802.760272,"tags":["Mark Rober","sharks","science experiment","mythbusting","Shark Week","Discovery Channel","Bahamas","ocean","marine biology","engineering","scuba diving"],"transcription":"I texted this clip to my wife who wanted proof I wasn't doing anything stupid on a recent trip to the Bahamas. Now if you're wondering what my feet are doing in shark-infested waters with a bucket of blood 20 miles away from any land, well that comes down to a conversation I had with my friends at the Discovery Channel six months ago. They told me Shark Week is coming up and they wanted to know what I would do if they could put me in the middle of the ocean on a boat surrounded by sharks. For as long as I can remember, I've always wanted to test if sharks can really smell a drop of blood in the water from a mile away. Now before you say MythBusters already did this, um, they kind of did this. As you can see, to test this, they poked their fingers and then stuck them in a barrel with these tiny lemon sharks. And since they didn't really seem to turn around and look at their fingers, they said it was busted. Now I'm friends with both Kari and Adam, but I think even they would admit at least in this case, the methodology was less than scientifically rigorous. So I came up with a more robust test procedure, built some NASA-grade hardware for the experiment, hopped on a plane, and then a speedboat, and soon enough, I was 20 miles offshore of the Bahamas. What's up? Hey Mark. Dude, there's sharks. That's sharks. We have sharks. That's the first time I've ever seen a shark like in the wild. Do some science. To kick things off, I sat down with my marine biologist, shark diving expert friend, Luke Tipple, and explained my plan to him. Eventually, I plan to test just how far they could smell a single drop of blood in the water. But first, I wanted proof that they actually preferred blood over any other scent. So for my first experiment, I plan to put four surfboards in the water equidistant from the back of the boat. Each board would host two liters of a different liquid that we would pump into the ocean over the course of an hour. Then using a 3-meter radius around each board as a gauge, we would use drone footage and count how many sharks went over to check out each board. So this board would be fish oil, which I heard was a general attractant for lots of fish. Then we would have cow's blood here. Then seawater here as a control to make sure the sharks weren't just interested in the surfboard. And then finally, urine. I've heard from surfers that a lot of them won't pee in their wetsuits because they feel like it's going to attract a shark. I don't know a surfer alive who doesn't pee in their wetsuit. But yes, it's definitely something that I've heard a lot. We're going to liberate surfers everywhere. If we show that it's cool to pee in your wetsuit. And so after a bit more discussion, Luke was on board for the first of our two experiments. Well, as a firm believer in the scientific method, we'll test it out. And then you dive. Well, depending on the results, I dive. I can't pee if the deal's off. And so with that, we started putting the four boards together. We also started collecting scientific donations from the crew. All right, so now it's time to fill these bags. What do you want to do first? Pee or blood? Yeah, you. Let's do pee. Okay. Let's do rock, paper, scissors for who holds the bucket and who holds the bag. Okay, well, I got to strategize. Okay, I know what I know what I need to do. Ready? One, two, three, shoot. Yes! Damn it. Oh, that smells so bad. It's urine. Whoever it is, they need to hydrate. Dude, this is going to be a nightmare. Oh. Oh, it's warm. Oh, dude, it's all over my hands. Your pouring sucks. Okay. Oh, that stinks. Now, we're good. We're good. All in the name of science. It's a great time of day to be doing this because we have a lot of sharks. Looking down here, we got three or four lemons on the surface. And I can actually see two tigers down on the bottom, and that's actually a massive tiger shark down there. That's huge. All right, so see if you can do a better job pouring than I did. Oh my gosh. Oh, wow. There's a feeding frenzy. It's fine. What are you doing? I almost lost my hand. You did not. It's not going to jump out of the water. Okay, so we've got seawater as our control. Fish oil. We have urine and cow's blood. Let's do it. So while Luke is bravely swimming the four surfboards out and anchoring them in place in preparation for the one-hour countdown, now is a perfect time to explain the cool tech on each board I designed and built from scratch with my buddy Sean Hodgins. For this experiment to be robust, all four boards need to start pumping at the exact same time after Luke has them in place. That means we need to somehow start the pumps using a radio signal from the boat. So each surfboard has a waterproof receiver box like this that also hosts the battery, a custom printed circuit board, and two Arduinos. Then I have the remote control, and as soon as I hit this button, they all start pumping at the same time. We know each pump is working because the corresponding yellow light is lit up. That's important because they're too far away from the boat to see if they're functioning properly. To pump the blood and pee, we're using a peristaltic pump. This is a perfect choice because it's a totally sterile way to get the blood from the bag to the ocean since the blood never touches any sort of valve or something. It just has these rollers that sort of pinch and push the blood through the tubing in a manner that just happens to be similar to a severed artery. And so with the boards in place, it was go time. Operation Shark Bait test thing commence. Three, two, one. All four are going. We have confirmation. Everything is rolling. The experiment is underway. We'll let them go for an hour just dripping stuff out and uh, yeah, we'll see what happens. Ok Mark, I can confirm that all four boards are working great. I can see a blood trail as far as my eye can see on the blood board. I'm going to head back to the boat just so I'm not a variable in this experiment. And after 10 minutes, I was really surprised there wasn't a lot of action on any of the boards. So so far, it's pretty interesting. I mean, we've shown if you have a massive cut and you're bleeding out and there's this many sharks within like 50 yards of you, that they're kind of like, meh. So like, already that's an interesting finding, right? You'd think a little bit of blood and there'd just be a massive swarm, but that's not the case so far. And to be clear, we weren't dealing with small quantities here. The human body contains 5 liters of blood. And after you lose 2 liters, which is the exact amount we're putting in the water, then you die. About 20 minutes in, things were still pretty quiet, especially at the fish oil, urine and control boards. But then the blood board started attracting some smaller fish. And soon after, one or two sharks started taking notice. Not a lot of love for my pee. I don't know why. I find that kind of offensive, but I'm just a little hurt. Eventually, with about 15 minutes left, things started getting pretty wild over by the blood board. The blood was spread out and made almost like a blood runway. So you have this surreal line of sharks swimming up this enticing blood trail one after another, only to be super disappointed to find a big piece of styrofoam. We're almost done. Three, two, one. The motors have stopped. Our experiment is done. I'd just like to point out the bags have been sucked dry, so the engineering part of this experiment worked flawlessly. There were sharks everywhere. Are you serious? Yeah. There are two super pissed off tigers. And so now it was time to go in and review the footage and get a final tally for each board. And what we found was that four sharks went to check out the fish oil. Then zero sharks went to check out both the control and the urine. And then the blood board had a direct visit from a whopping 41 sharks. And so now that we debunked some surfing myths about urine and proved that sharks certainly had a strong preference for blood over anything we tested, the real question was just how much blood is interesting to them. And there was one part of the experimental design that was really nagging at me. Because that was cow's blood, right? That was cow's blood. You want to do human blood, don't you? I want to try human blood. We've got at least 10 living, breathing blood bags around here. It's worth noting, not everyone was as stoked as Luke and I about this idea. Yeah, and then just draw it. We'll just have fresh blood, just mainline it and put it in the water. Why not? Would you be down? I'd be down. Moondog, what do you reckon? Don't look at me, man. You can have all my pee you want. You can't have my blood. So Luke made some calls and soon enough, we had an amazing certified Bahamian phlebotomist on board. I'm like, oh, I'm totally cool. I've had to pop the ball. And after some generosity from the camera crew and even Captain Scotty, we had four bulging bags of human blood for our second experiment. This is my actual blood. We're going to see if sharks have a taste for it. And if they do, I probably won't go free diving with them. For the second experiment, we had three boards. Again, we placed the control in the middle. The board over here would pump the human blood slowly at one drop a minute. And then on the other side, this board would pump the blood fast, on average one drop every four seconds. We were able to do that because another cool feature for the boxes we built was that by turning this knob, you can control the flow rate. So over time, they can pump out different amounts. And because sometimes we all have to step up and just do our part, while Luke once again risked his life by placing the three boards, I prepared to push a button. Three, two, one. Commence. All right, all of them are pumping and good to go. Now the clock's just ticking. We have like 55 more minutes to go. We'll see if the sharks notice it. One drop of human blood every four seconds may sound like a lot, and it certainly is, but it's also important to note that's 40 times less than the first experiment where we saw so much activity. In this case, halfway into experiment number two, even though there were tons of sharks still in the area, the boards themselves were pretty quiet. We'll have to see when we look at the footage afterwards, but so far, it looks like the answer's no. Five, four, three, two, one. Experiment's over. And so after the full hour, we brought in the boards and once again reviewed the footage to see that over the course of an hour, zero sharks checked out the control board, zero checked out the slow blood pumping board, and exactly zero sharks checked out the fast one. So this was by no means a perfect experiment, but I think it's safe to qualitatively say that if no sharks came to check out 15 drops of human blood a minute in the middle of shark-infested waters, you're probably going to be okay with a small scrape. I mean, there certainly won't be some kind of feeding frenzy with a single drop of blood from all sharks within a mile. Now that I had some firsthand data to put my mind at ease, I was willing to try diving with the sharks without a cage, but I had one final experiment. I had a theory that if we secured a 360 camera to the front of a hand spear and then shot it near some sharks, we could create the world's first really cool Matrix-like underwater bullet time effect. So I suited up and got in. This is terrifying. Oh, he's got it. Oh gosh. Oh my gosh. Holy crap! Oh gosh. I'm going to die. Save me, Luke. They can sense I'm a newb. I know it. They know I'm a newb. On that note, should we call it a day? Let's end on that. That was amazing, man. We got them in like a feeding frenzy down there. There's like six of them all around us. And I lived. I mean, this is shaping up to be a great day. What I'll take home from this shoot is just more evidence of the amazing animal that sharks are, but also the ability to point people in a specific direction to say, hey, your thoughts about them are a little overblown. This experience definitely changed my perception on sharks. I would say I respect them more after seeing their raw power up close, but at the same time, there's less of that fear that comes from ignorance. On top of all that, I didn't die.","timeline":[{"t":2,"speech":"I texted this clip to my wife who wanted proof I wasn't doing anything stupid on a recent trip to the Bahamas.","visual":{"action":"A person's bare feet are dangling in vibrant turquoise water, with several large sharks swimming just below the surface.","colors":{"dominant":"cyan","palette":["cyan","dark gray","teal","white","light skin tone"]},"composition":{"angle":"high-angle, point-of-view","focus":"The sharks and feet are in focus.","framing":"close-up"},"mood":"tense, exciting","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"adult","clothing":{},"face":"not visible","hair":"not visible","hands":"not visible","pose":"sitting or lying down with feet in the water","position":"bottom center of the frame"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"The water is clear, and the ripples on the surface are visible.","lighting":"bright, natural sunlight from above","location":"open ocean, likely off the side of a boat"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":8,"speech":"Now if you're wondering what my feet are doing in shark-infested waters with a bucket of blood 20 miles away from any land,","visual":{"action":"An aerial drone shot shows a white and blue boat floating in the middle of a vast, bright blue ocean. The camera then cuts to a close-up of two hands in blue gloves pouring a red, bloody substance from a large white bucket into the water.","colors":{"dominant":"bright blue","palette":["bright blue","white","dark blue","red","dark gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"overhead (drone shot), then eye-level close-up","focus":"The boat is in focus, then the bucket of blood.","framing":"extreme wide shot, then close-up"},"mood":"intriguing, suspenseful","objects":[{"color":"white and blue","name":"boat","position":"center","state":"floating"},{"color":"white","name":"bucket","position":"center","state":"being poured"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Clear blue sky and endless ocean.","lighting":"bright, direct sunlight","location":"open ocean, Bahamas"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":14,"speech":"well that comes down to a conversation I had with my friends at the Discovery Channel six months ago.","visual":{"action":"A man stands on a sandy beach, speaking directly to the camera with his hands clasped. The ocean is behind him with a pier in the distance.","colors":{"dominant":"light gray","palette":["light gray","sand","white","khaki","dark blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man is in sharp focus, the background is slightly soft.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"informative, friendly","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"silver watch on left wrist","bottom":"khaki shorts","footwear":"not visible","top":"white t-shirt with a blue 'America Online' logo"},"face":"smiling, speaking","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"clasped in front of him, gesturing slightly","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"pier in the distant background","background":"A wide sandy beach meets the ocean, with a few people walking in the distance.","lighting":"overcast, diffuse daylight, possibly sunset","location":"beach"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":19,"speech":"They told me Shark Week is coming up and they wanted to know what I would do if they could put me in the middle of the ocean on a boat surrounded by sharks.","visual":{"action":"The man on the beach continues to speak, gesturing. A graphic for 'Discovery SHARK WEEK' appears, featuring a great white shark swimming towards the camera.","colors":{"dominant":"deep blue","palette":["deep blue","white","gray","black","light blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man, then the graphic.","framing":"medium shot, then full-screen graphic"},"mood":"exciting, adventurous","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"silver watch","bottom":"khaki shorts","footwear":"not visible","top":"white 'America Online' t-shirt"},"face":"animated, speaking","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"gesturing to his side","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Beach and ocean, then underwater scene for the graphic.","lighting":"overcast, then dramatic underwater lighting","location":"beach"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"DISCOVERY SHARK WEEK","location":"center","style":"large, white, bold, sans-serif font"}]}},{"t":27,"speech":"For as long as I can remember, I've always wanted to test if sharks can really smell a drop of blood in the water from a mile away.","visual":{"action":"The man is back on the beach, then the scene cuts to an animated clip from the movie 'Finding Nemo' showing a shark sniffing the water.","colors":{"dominant":"dark green","palette":["dark green","gray","black","white","light gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level, then straight-on for the animation","focus":"The man, then the animated shark.","framing":"medium shot, then close-up on the animated shark"},"mood":"curious, humorous","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"silver watch","bottom":"khaki shorts","footwear":"not visible","top":"white 'America Online' t-shirt"},"face":"sincere, speaking","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"clasped","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Beach and ocean, then dark underwater setting for the animation.","lighting":"overcast, then dark and moody for the animation","location":"beach"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":32,"speech":"Now before you say MythBusters already did this, um, they kind of did this.","visual":{"action":"The man stands in a workshop in front of a workbench with a pegboard full of tools. He speaks to the camera with a knowing smile. A 'MYTHBUSTERS' logo made of metal washes up on a sandy shore.","colors":{"dominant":"wood brown","palette":["wood brown","gray","dark gray","blue","white"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man is in focus.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"analytical, slightly critical","objects":[{"color":"light wood","name":"workbench","position":"in front of the man","state":"organized"},{"color":"gray","name":"pegboard with tools","position":"behind the man","state":"hanging"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"white watch, gray backward baseball cap","bottom":"jeans","footwear":"not visible","top":"dark gray t-shirt with a camera graphic"},"face":"smiling, speaking","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"clasped in front of him","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"A well-organized workshop with tools and a blue door covered in stickers.","lighting":"bright, even workshop lighting","location":"workshop/garage"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":38,"speech":"As you can see, to test this, they poked their fingers and then stuck them in a barrel with these tiny lemon sharks.","visual":{"action":"A clip from the TV show 'MythBusters' is shown. Four hosts stand around a large white tub on a wooden dock. They prick their fingers to draw blood and dip them into the tub where a small shark is swimming.","colors":{"dominant":"brown","palette":["brown","light green","white","blue","gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The hosts and the tub.","framing":"medium shot, then close-up on the hands"},"mood":"archival, explanatory","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"tub","position":"center","state":"filled with water and a small shark"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-50s","clothing":{"top":"various casual shirts and a wetsuit top"},"face":"focused on the experiment","hair":"various styles","hands":"pricking fingers, dipping them in water","pose":"standing, leaning over the tub","position":"around the tub"}],"setting":{"architecture":"wooden dock structure","background":"Water and mangroves.","lighting":"natural daylight","location":"outdoor dock"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":46,"speech":"they said it was busted. Now I'm friends with both Kari and Adam, but I think even they would admit at least in this case, the methodology was less than scientifically rigorous.","visual":{"action":"A metal 'BUSTED' sign is shown. The scene cuts back to the man in his workshop, who raises his hands and shrugs while explaining his critique of the MythBusters experiment.","colors":{"dominant":"wood brown","palette":["wood brown","gray","dark gray","blue","white"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man is in focus.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"respectful but critical, scientific","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"white watch, gray backward baseball cap","bottom":"jeans","footwear":"not visible","top":"dark gray t-shirt with a camera graphic"},"face":"expressive, speaking","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"gesturing with palms up","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"A well-organized workshop with tools and a blue door covered in stickers.","lighting":"bright, even workshop lighting","location":"workshop/garage"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":55,"speech":"So I came up with a more robust test procedure, built some NASA-grade hardware for the experiment, hopped on a plane,","visual":{"action":"A montage sequence begins. The man draws a diagram on a whiteboard. Close-up shots show him assembling electronic components inside a white waterproof box. Then, a shot of him on an airplane looking out the window.","colors":{"dominant":"wood brown","palette":["wood brown","white","green","black","orange"]},"composition":{"angle":"various: high-angle, close-up, side profile","focus":"The actions are in focus: drawing, wiring, looking out the window.","framing":"medium shot to extreme close-up"},"mood":"productive, innovative, adventurous","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"whiteboard","position":"on workbench","state":"being drawn on"},{"color":"green","name":"circuit board","position":"inside box","state":"being wired"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"white watch, gray backward cap, headphones","top":"dark gray t-shirt, then a dark hoodie"},"face":"focused, then relaxed","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"drawing with a marker, connecting wires","pose":"sitting at workbench, sitting in airplane seat","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Workshop, then airplane interior.","lighting":"workshop lighting, then bright light from airplane window","location":"workshop, then airplane"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":102,"speech":"and soon enough, I was 20 miles offshore of the Bahamas.","visual":{"action":"A man stands on the bow of a speedboat, looking out at the open ocean. A larger boat is visible in the distance. The speedboat pulls up alongside the larger boat.","colors":{"dominant":"ocean blue","palette":["ocean blue","sky blue","white","gray","light green"]},"composition":{"angle":"shot from behind, then side-view","focus":"The man and the ocean.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"adventurous, expectant","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"speedboat","position":"center","state":"moving"},{"color":"white","name":"larger boat","position":"distance","state":"stationary"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray backward cap","top":"white long-sleeved shirt with 'OLD BAHAMA BAY' and a marlin graphic on the back"},"face":"not visible","hair":"not visible","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Calm ocean and partly cloudy sky.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"open ocean, Bahamas"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":106,"speech":"Dude, there's sharks. That's sharks. We have sharks.","visual":{"action":"Sharks are seen swimming in the clear turquoise water around the boat. A man smiles broadly, looking at the sharks.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","gray","white","dark gray","light blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"high-angle looking down into the water, then eye-level","focus":"The sharks, then the man's face.","framing":"wide shot, then close-up"},"mood":"excited, awestruck","objects":[{"color":"white and blue","name":"boat","position":"background","state":"stationary"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray backward cap","top":"light-colored t-shirt"},"face":"big, excited smile, looking to the side","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"not visible","pose":"standing","position":"center right"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"The side of a large white boat and the clear ocean.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"open ocean, Bahamas"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":115,"speech":"To kick things off, I sat down with my marine biologist, shark diving expert friend, Luke Tipple, and explained my plan to him.","visual":{"action":"Two men are sitting at a table inside a boat cabin. One man is drawing on a whiteboard, explaining his experimental plan. The other man listens, smiling.","colors":{"dominant":"tan","palette":["tan","light blue","blue","white","dark gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The men at the table.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"collaborative, scientific, enthusiastic","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"whiteboard","position":"on the table","state":"being drawn on"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray backward cap, watch","top":"light blue long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"smiling, talking, gesturing","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"holding a marker, gesturing","pose":"sitting at a table","position":"right"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"top":"blue t-shirt"},"face":"smiling, listening intently","hair":"short, blondish-brown, curly","hands":"resting on the table","pose":"sitting, leaning back on a couch","position":"left"}],"setting":{"architecture":"boat cabin interior with wood trim and windows","background":"Couch, windows looking out to the ocean.","lighting":"bright, natural light from the windows","location":"boat cabin"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"LUKE TIPPLE","location":"bottom right","style":"white, bold, sans-serif"}]}},{"t":125,"speech":"But first, I wanted proof that they actually preferred blood over any other scent.","visual":{"action":"A simple animation shows several small sharks swimming in a blue field. A red dot appears, and the sharks turn and swim towards it.","colors":{"dominant":"blue","palette":["blue","light gray","red","dark blue","white"]},"composition":{"angle":"overhead","focus":"The entire animation is in focus.","framing":"wide shot"},"mood":"illustrative, simple","objects":[{"color":"light gray","name":"animated sharks","position":"center","state":"swimming"},{"color":"red","name":"animated blood drop","position":"left","state":"appearing"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Solid blue background representing the ocean.","lighting":"flat, even lighting","location":"animated graphic"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":132,"speech":"I plan to put four surfboards in the water equidistant from the back of the boat.","visual":{"action":"An animation shows four surfboards arranged in an arc behind a boat shape. A line measures the distance from the boat.","colors":{"dominant":"blue","palette":["blue","white","green","black","light blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"overhead","focus":"The entire diagram is in focus.","framing":"wide shot"},"mood":"explanatory, technical","objects":[{"color":"white and green","name":"animated surfboards","position":"in an arc","state":"stationary"},{"color":"black","name":"animated boat shape","position":"bottom center","state":"stationary"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Solid blue background.","lighting":"flat, even lighting","location":"animated graphic"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"BOAT NOT TO SCALE","location":"top left","style":"small, white, sans-serif"},{"content":"50yds (46m)","location":"top center","style":"white, sans-serif"}]}},{"t":135,"speech":"Each board would host two liters of a different liquid that we would pump into the ocean over the course of an hour.","visual":{"action":"An animation shows four 2-liter bottles on surfboards, filled with different colored liquids (clear, yellow, blue, red). A clock face appears and its hands spin, while the liquid levels in the bottles decrease.","colors":{"dominant":"teal","palette":["teal","blue","white","red","yellow"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The bottles and clock.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"illustrative, clear","objects":[{"color":"clear/various","name":"animated bottles","position":"in a row","state":"emptying"},{"color":"white and black","name":"animated clock","position":"top center","state":"spinning"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"A teal background over a blue one, representing sky and water.","lighting":"flat, even lighting","location":"animated graphic"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":142,"speech":"we would use drone footage and count how many sharks went over to check out each board.","visual":{"action":"An animation shows sharks swimming towards a surfboard. As they enter a green circle around the board, a counter increases.","colors":{"dominant":"blue","palette":["blue","green","light gray","white","light blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"overhead","focus":"The surfboard and counter.","framing":"close-up on one board"},"mood":"analytical, data-driven","objects":[{"color":"light gray","name":"animated sharks","position":"swimming towards center","state":"moving"},{"color":"white and green","name":"animated surfboard","position":"center","state":"stationary"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Solid blue background.","lighting":"flat, even lighting","location":"animated graphic"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"1","location":"right of the circle","style":"large, white, bold number"},{"content":"2","location":"right of the circle","style":"large, white, bold number"}]}},{"t":150,"speech":"Then we would have cow's blood here. Then seawater here as a control to make sure the sharks weren't just interested in the surfboard. And then finally, urine.","visual":{"action":"The overhead animation of the four surfboards is shown again. Labels appear next to each board: 'FISH OIL', 'COW'S BLOOD', 'SEA WATER (CONTROL)', and 'URINE'.","colors":{"dominant":"blue","palette":["blue","white","red","yellow","light gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"overhead","focus":"The entire diagram is in focus.","framing":"wide shot"},"mood":"explanatory","objects":[],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Solid blue background.","lighting":"flat, even lighting","location":"animated graphic"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"FISH OIL","location":"bottom left","style":"white, sans-serif"},{"content":"COW'S BLOOD","location":"bottom right","style":"white, sans-serif"},{"content":"SEA WATER (CONTROL)","location":"center right","style":"white, sans-serif"},{"content":"URINE","location":"center left","style":"white, sans-serif"}]}},{"t":200,"speech":"I've heard from surfers that a lot of them won't pee in their wetsuits because they feel like it's going to attract a shark. I don't know a surfer alive who doesn't pee in their wetsuit.","visual":{"action":"Back in the boat cabin, the two men are laughing and discussing the urban legend about urine attracting sharks.","colors":{"dominant":"tan","palette":["tan","light blue","blue","white","dark gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The two men.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"humorous, conversational","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"whiteboard","position":"on the table","state":"blank"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray backward cap, watch","top":"light blue long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"smiling, talking","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"holding a marker","pose":"sitting at a table","position":"right"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"top":"blue t-shirt"},"face":"laughing, mouth open","hair":"short, blondish-brown, curly","hands":"clasped on the table","pose":"sitting, leaning back on a couch","position":"left"}],"setting":{"architecture":"boat cabin interior","background":"Couch, windows, hanging water bottles.","lighting":"bright, natural light from windows","location":"boat cabin"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":222,"speech":"Well, depending on the results, I dive. I can't pee if the deal's off.","visual":{"action":"The two men in the boat cabin continue their lighthearted conversation, laughing and joking about the experiment.","colors":{"dominant":"tan","palette":["tan","light blue","blue","white","dark gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The two men.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"jovial, funny","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray backward cap, watch","top":"light blue long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"smiling broadly, laughing","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"gesturing with a marker","pose":"sitting at a table","position":"right"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"top":"blue t-shirt"},"face":"laughing heartily","hair":"short, blondish-brown, curly","hands":"on the table","pose":"sitting, leaning back on a couch","position":"left"}],"setting":{"architecture":"boat cabin interior","background":"Couch and windows.","lighting":"bright, natural light","location":"boat cabin"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":231,"speech":"","visual":{"action":"A fast-paced montage shows two men assembling the experimental rigs on the deck of the boat. They are drilling into surfboards, mounting electronic boxes, and attaching pumps and tubing.","colors":{"dominant":"blue","palette":["blue","white","black","gray","rainbow"]},"composition":{"angle":"various, including low angles and close-ups","focus":"The hands and tools are in focus, showing the assembly process.","framing":"mix of medium shots and close-ups"},"mood":"energetic, productive","objects":[{"color":"multi-colored (rainbow)","name":"surfboard","position":"on the deck","state":"being modified"},{"color":"black and red","name":"power drill","position":"in hand","state":"drilling"},{"color":"white","name":"electronic box","position":"on the surfboard","state":"being mounted"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap","bottom":"rainbow-striped board shorts","footwear":"flip-flops","top":"light blue long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"smiling, focused","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"using tools, assembling parts","pose":"crouching, kneeling","position":"on the deck"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"watch","bottom":"black shorts","footwear":"blue sneakers","top":"blue t-shirt"},"face":"focused","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"using tools, assembling parts","pose":"crouching, kneeling","position":"on the deck"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"The deck of a boat with the ocean visible.","lighting":"bright, direct sunlight","location":"boat deck"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":240,"speech":"We also started collecting scientific donations from the crew.","visual":{"action":"A white bucket on the floor of the boat contains a yellow liquid (urine). A cameraman stands on deck filming. A man in a blue shirt urinates into the bucket.","colors":{"dominant":"white","palette":["white","yellow","blue","black","gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level and low-angle","focus":"The bucket, then the man urinating.","framing":"close-up, then medium shot"},"mood":"humorous, slightly gross","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"bucket","position":"on the floor","state":"partially filled with yellow liquid"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"bottom":"black shorts","top":"blue long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"not visible","hair":"not visible","hands":"not visible","pose":"standing, urinating into a bucket","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"The white interior/exterior wall of the boat.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"boat deck"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":250,"speech":"Let's do rock, paper, scissors for who holds the bucket and who holds the bag. One, two, three, shoot.","visual":{"action":"Two men are crouched at the back of the boat, wearing blue gloves. They play rock-paper-scissors to decide who has to pour the bucket of urine.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","white","blue","skin tone","gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The two men's faces and hands.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"playful, funny","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap, blue gloves","bottom":"rainbow board shorts","top":"white long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"laughing","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"playing rock-paper-scissors","pose":"crouching","position":"left"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"blue gloves","bottom":"black shorts","top":"blue t-shirt"},"face":"smiling, concentrating on the game","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"playing rock-paper-scissors","pose":"crouching","position":"right"}],"setting":{"architecture":"metal railing of the boat's swim platform","background":"Bright turquoise ocean.","lighting":"bright, direct sunlight","location":"back of the boat"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":301,"speech":"Damn it. Oh, that smells so bad. It's urine. Whoever it is, they need to hydrate. Dude, this is going to be a nightmare.","visual":{"action":"The winner of the game holds a white bucket while the loser carefully pours the yellow liquid from it into a clear plastic bag submerged in the water. Both men are grimacing from the smell.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","white","blue","yellow","gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"low-angle, close to the water","focus":"The act of pouring the urine.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"disgusted, humorous","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"bucket","position":"held by man on left","state":"being poured"},{"color":"clear","name":"plastic bag","position":"held by man on right","state":"being filled"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap, blue gloves","bottom":"rainbow board shorts","top":"white long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"grimacing, laughing","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"holding the bucket","pose":"crouching","position":"left"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"blue gloves, watch","bottom":"black shorts","top":"blue t-shirt"},"face":"grimacing, focused on pouring","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"holding the bag and guiding the liquid","pose":"crouching","position":"right"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"The bright blue ocean and a clear sky.","lighting":"bright, sunny, slightly overexposed","location":"back of the boat"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":324,"speech":"It's a great time of day to be doing this because we have a lot of sharks. Looking down here, we got three or four lemons on the surface. And I can actually see two tigers down on the bottom, and that's actually a massive tiger shark down there.","visual":{"action":"The two men are still at the back of the boat. One man is now handling a bag of fish guts, while the other looks into the water and points out the different types of sharks swimming around.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","blue","white","gray","skin tone"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The men and the sharks in the water.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"excited, observational","objects":[{"color":"clear with red contents","name":"bag of fish guts","position":"held by man on right","state":"being prepared"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap, blue gloves","bottom":"rainbow board shorts","top":"white long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"looking down at the water, smiling","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"holding a clear bag","pose":"crouching","position":"left"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"blue gloves, sunglasses hanging on shirt","bottom":"black shorts","top":"blue t-shirt"},"face":"looking into the water, speaking","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"handling fish guts, pointing","pose":"crouching","position":"right"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Turquoise water with sharks swimming.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"back of the boat"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":340,"speech":"Oh my gosh. Oh, wow. There's a feeding frenzy.","visual":{"action":"A close-up shot shows hands in blue gloves pouring dark red cow's blood from a large container into a clear bag. The view cuts to an overhead drone shot showing a frenzy of sharks and fish swarming around the back of the boat where the blood is being handled.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","dark red","white","blue","dark gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"close-up, then extreme high-angle (overhead)","focus":"The blood being poured, then the shark frenzy.","framing":"close-up, then wide shot"},"mood":"chaotic, intense, exciting","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"container","position":"center","state":"pouring blood"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"top":"blue t-shirt"},"face":"not visible","hair":"not visible","hands":"in blue gloves, pouring blood","pose":"crouching","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Turquoise water.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"back of the boat"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":351,"speech":"Okay, so we've got seawater as our control, fish oil, we have urine, and cow's blood.","visual":{"action":"The two men are crouched at the back of the boat with three filled bags lined up: one with clear seawater, one with yellow urine, and one with dark red cow's blood. A shark swims very close to the bags.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","yellow","dark red","white","blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level, close to the water","focus":"The bags of liquid and the men.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"prepared, scientific","objects":[{"color":"clear","name":"bag of seawater","position":"left","state":"filled"},{"color":"yellow","name":"bag of urine","position":"center","state":"filled"},{"color":"dark red","name":"bag of blood","position":"right","state":"filled"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap, blue gloves","bottom":"rainbow board shorts","top":"white long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"smiling, looking at the camera","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"holding the seawater bag","pose":"crouching","position":"left"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"blue gloves","bottom":"black shorts","top":"blue t-shirt"},"face":"smiling","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"holding the other bags","pose":"crouching","position":"right"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Turquoise ocean.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"back of the boat"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":404,"speech":"So while Luke is bravely swimming the four surfboards out and anchoring them in place in preparation for the one-hour countdown,","visual":{"action":"A man in a black wetsuit and snorkel gear swims in the open ocean, pulling the rigged surfboards behind him. Underwater shots show him anchoring the boards to the sandy seabed with ropes.","colors":{"dominant":"deep blue","palette":["deep blue","turquoise","black","white","sand"]},"composition":{"angle":"aerial, then underwater","focus":"The diver and the surfboards.","framing":"wide shot"},"mood":"adventurous, methodical","objects":[{"color":"multi-colored","name":"surfboards","position":"floating on surface","state":"being positioned"},{"color":"white","name":"anchor line","position":"stretching to seabed","state":"taut"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"snorkel, mask, fins","top":"black wetsuit"},"face":"partially obscured by gear","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"swimming, handling ropes","pose":"swimming on surface, then diving","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Clear ocean water and sandy seabed with some seagrass.","lighting":"bright sunlight filtering through the water","location":"open ocean, Bahamas"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":416,"speech":"For this experiment to be robust, all four boards need to start pumping at the exact same time after Luke has them in place.","visual":{"action":"The man stands in his workshop, holding one of the completed electronic pump boxes. The four pump systems are lined up on his workbench.","colors":{"dominant":"wood brown","palette":["wood brown","gray","black","white","blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man and the pump systems.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"technical, explanatory","objects":[{"color":"white and black","name":"pump systems","position":"on the workbench","state":"assembled"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"white watch, gray backward cap","bottom":"jeans","top":"dark gray t-shirt with camera graphic"},"face":"serious, explaining","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"holding a pump box","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Workshop with pegboard of tools.","lighting":"bright workshop lighting","location":"workshop/garage"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":436,"speech":"Then I have the remote control, and as soon as I hit this button, they all start pumping at the same time.","visual":{"action":"The man holds the remote control box and presses a glowing red button. The lights on the box flash in sequence. On the workbench, all four pumps activate simultaneously, pumping colored liquids into glasses.","colors":{"dominant":"wood brown","palette":["wood brown","black","white","red","yellow"]},"composition":{"angle":"close-up on the remote, then a wide shot of the pumps","focus":"The button, then the pumps activating.","framing":"close-up, then wide"},"mood":"demonstrative, successful","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"remote control box","position":"in hand","state":"being activated"},{"color":"clear","name":"pumps","position":"on workbench","state":"pumping liquid"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"top":"dark gray t-shirt"},"face":"partially visible","hair":"not visible","hands":"pressing a button","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Workshop.","lighting":"workshop lighting","location":"workshop/garage"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":452,"speech":"To pump the blood and pee, we're using a peristaltic pump.","visual":{"action":"A 3D animation shows the exploded view of a peristaltic pump, then reassembles it. The animation demonstrates how internal rollers squeeze a tube to move liquid through it.","colors":{"dominant":"light brown (wood grain)","palette":["light brown","white","gray","red","dark gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"isometric","focus":"The pump mechanism.","framing":"close-up"},"mood":"educational, technical","objects":[{"color":"white/clear","name":"animated peristaltic pump","position":"center","state":"disassembling and reassembling"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"A textured light brown surface, resembling wood.","lighting":"simulated, even lighting","location":"animated graphic"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":513,"speech":"Operation Shark Bait test thing commence. Three, two, one.","visual":{"action":"The man stands on an upper deck of the boat, holding the remote control box. He looks out at the surfboards in the distance and dramatically begins a countdown.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","white","sky blue","gray","red"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"dramatic, official, exciting","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"remote control box","position":"in his hands","state":"held up"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap","bottom":"rainbow board shorts","top":"white long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"serious, concentrating","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"holding the remote box","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"metal railings of the boat's upper deck","background":"Vast turquoise ocean and sky.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"boat's upper deck"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":518,"speech":"All four are going. We have confirmation.","visual":{"action":"He presses the button on the remote. A close-up shows the yellow confirmation lights illuminating on the circuit board inside the box. A timer appears on screen, starting from 59:59.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","white","green","yellow","black"]},"composition":{"angle":"close-up","focus":"The circuit board and lights.","framing":"extreme close-up"},"mood":"successful, tense","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"remote control box","position":"center","state":"showing confirmation lights"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{},"face":"not visible","hair":"not visible","hands":"holding the box","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Blurry turquoise water.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"boat's upper deck"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"TIME REMAINING 59:57","location":"bottom left","style":"white text in a teal box"}]}},{"t":530,"speech":"Ok Mark, I can confirm that all four boards are working great.","visual":{"action":"A diver is seen underwater, surrounded by sharks and fish, near the sandy bottom. He is speaking into a communication device.","colors":{"dominant":"deep blue","palette":["deep blue","sand","black","gray","white"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level, underwater","focus":"The diver.","framing":"medium shot from behind"},"mood":"calm, professional","objects":[{"color":"black and white","name":"scuba tank","position":"on diver's back","state":"in use"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"full scuba gear","top":"black wetsuit"},"face":"obscured by mask and regulator","hair":"not visible","hands":"at his sides","pose":"hovering neutrally buoyant","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Open blue water with sharks and fish swimming around. Sandy ocean floor below.","lighting":"sunlight filtering from above","location":"underwater, near the seabed"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"Ok Mark, I can confirm that all four boards are working great.","location":"bottom center","style":"white subtitle text"}]}},{"t":545,"speech":"And after 10 minutes, I was really surprised there wasn't a lot of action on any of the boards.","visual":{"action":"An aerial shot shows the main boat and the four distant surfboards. The view then splits into four quadrants, showing the underwater view below each of the four boards: Sea Water, Urine, Fish Oil, and Cow's Blood. Very few sharks are visible.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","deep blue","white","sand","gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"overhead, then underwater eye-level","focus":"The entire scene is in focus.","framing":"wide shot, then split-screen"},"mood":"anticipatory, quiet, surprising","objects":[{"color":"multi-colored","name":"surfboards","position":"various","state":"floating"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Open ocean, sandy seabed.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"open ocean, Bahamas"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"TIME REMAINING 50:18","location":"bottom left","style":"white text in a teal box"},{"content":"SEA WATER","location":"bottom left of top-left quadrant","style":"white text in a gray box"},{"content":"URINE","location":"bottom right of top-right quadrant","style":"white text in a gray box"},{"content":"FISH OIL","location":"bottom left of bottom-left quadrant","style":"white text in a gray box"},{"content":"COW'S BLOOD","location":"bottom right of bottom-right quadrant","style":"white text in a gray box"}]}},{"t":550,"speech":"So so far, it's pretty interesting. I mean, we've shown if you have a massive cut and you're bleeding out and there's this many sharks within like 50 yards of you, that they're kind of like, meh.","visual":{"action":"A man stands on the boat deck, arms crossed, observing the experiment. He looks surprised and explains his initial observations to the camera.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","white","sky blue","gray","skin tone"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"surprised, analytical","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray backward cap","top":"light blue long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"thoughtful, slightly bemused","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"not visible","pose":"standing with arms crossed","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"boat railing","background":"The open ocean.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"boat deck"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":622,"speech":"About 20 minutes in, things were still pretty quiet, especially at the fish oil, urine and control boards.","visual":{"action":"An aerial drone shot shows one of the surfboards floating alone in the vast turquoise ocean. A timer on screen shows 39:54 remaining.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","white","dark blue","black","sky blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"high-angle, overhead","focus":"The surfboard.","framing":"wide shot"},"mood":"calm, isolated","objects":[{"color":"yellow and wood","name":"surfboard rig","position":"center","state":"floating"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Endless expanse of clear ocean water.","lighting":"bright, direct sunlight","location":"open ocean"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"TIME REMAINING 39:54","location":"bottom left","style":"white text in a teal box"}]}},{"t":643,"speech":"Eventually, with about 15 minutes left, things started getting pretty wild over by the blood board.","visual":{"action":"An aerial shot shows a large tiger shark and a smaller shark swimming towards the surfboard with the blood. The timer on screen reads 15:30.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","dark gray","white","sky blue","black"]},"composition":{"angle":"high-angle, overhead","focus":"The sharks and the surfboard.","framing":"wide shot"},"mood":"building tension, exciting","objects":[{"color":"yellow and wood","name":"surfboard rig","position":"center right","state":"floating"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Open ocean.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"open ocean"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"TIME REMAINING 15:30","location":"bottom left","style":"white text in a teal box"}]}},{"t":653,"speech":"The blood was spread out and made almost like a blood runway. So you have this surreal line of sharks swimming up this enticing blood trail one after another,","visual":{"action":"An aerial view shows multiple sharks of different sizes swimming in a line, following the trail of blood leading to the surfboard.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","dark gray","white","black","light blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"high-angle, overhead","focus":"The line of sharks.","framing":"wide shot"},"mood":"surreal, fascinating","objects":[{"color":"yellow and wood","name":"surfboard rig","position":"top center","state":"floating"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Clear turquoise ocean.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"open ocean"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":709,"speech":"We're almost done. Three, two, one.","visual":{"action":"A man stands on the upper deck of the boat, watching a timer on his watch and looking out at the experiment. He holds the remote control box.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","white","sky blue","gray","red"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man.","framing":"medium shot, from the side"},"mood":"conclusive, focused","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"remote control box","position":"in his hands","state":"being held"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap, watch","top":"white long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"looking at his watch, then out at the ocean","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"holding the remote","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"boat railing","background":"Open ocean and sky.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"boat's upper deck"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"TIME REMAINING 00:03","location":"top left","style":"white text in a teal box"}]}},{"t":734,"speech":"And what we found was that four sharks went to check out the fish oil. Then zero sharks went to check out both the control and the urine. And then the blood board had a direct visit from a whopping 41 sharks.","visual":{"action":"A simple bar graph animation displays the results of the first experiment. Bars rise to show the number of shark visits for each of the four liquids.","colors":{"dominant":"blue","palette":["blue","white","yellow","red","light blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"straight-on","focus":"The graph.","framing":"full screen"},"mood":"informative, conclusive","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"bar graph","position":"center","state":"animating"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Solid blue background.","lighting":"flat, even lighting","location":"animated graphic"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"FISH OIL","location":"bottom","style":"white text"},{"content":"URINE","location":"bottom","style":"yellow text"},{"content":"SEA WATER","location":"bottom","style":"light blue text"},{"content":"COW'S BLOOD","location":"bottom","style":"red text"}]}},{"t":747,"speech":"And so now that we debunked some surfing myths about urine and proved that sharks certainly had a strong preference for blood over anything we tested, the real question was just how much blood is interesting to them.","visual":{"action":"A montage shows the empty urine bag being pulled from the water, and then the blood-covered surfboard being investigated by sharks underwater.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","blue","yellow","white","gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level, then underwater","focus":"The bags and the sharks.","framing":"close-up"},"mood":"analytical, transitioning","objects":[{"color":"yellow","name":"bag","position":"being pulled from water","state":"empty"},{"color":"multi-colored","name":"surfboard","position":"underwater","state":"being investigated by sharks"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Open ocean.","lighting":"bright sunlight","location":"open ocean, Bahamas"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":804,"speech":"You want to do human blood, don't you? I want to try human blood.","visual":{"action":"Two men are on the boat deck next to scuba gear. One man, in a wetsuit, is preparing his gear. The other man, smiling, suggests using human blood for the next test.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","blue","white","gray","black"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The two men.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"adventurous, daring","objects":[{"color":"silver","name":"scuba tank","position":"center","state":"being prepared"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap","top":"white long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"smiling, eager","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"resting on the scuba tank","pose":"standing","position":"right"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"top":"blue and gray wetsuit top"},"face":"smiling, looking at the other man","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"adjusting scuba gear","pose":"standing","position":"left"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"The boat deck with the ocean visible.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"boat deck"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":828,"speech":"So Luke made some calls and soon enough, we had an amazing certified Bahamian phlebotomist on board.","visual":{"action":"A woman in a white lab coat arrives on a speedboat, carrying a black case. She is greeted and comes aboard the main boat.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","white","blue","black","red"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The woman arriving.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"professional, surprising","objects":[{"color":"white","name":"speedboat","position":"center","state":"arriving"},{"color":"black","name":"medical case","position":"in her hand","state":"being carried"}],"people":[{"age_range":"40s-50s","clothing":{"bottom":"jeans","top":"white lab coat"},"face":"smiling","hair":"dark, pulled back","hands":"waving, carrying a case","pose":"standing on speedboat, then stepping onto main boat","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Open ocean.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"open ocean, Bahamas"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":836,"speech":"","visual":{"action":"Inside the boat cabin, the phlebotomist is drawing blood from the arms of two men sitting at the table. They are smiling and watching the process.","colors":{"dominant":"tan","palette":["tan","white","blue","light blue","gray"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The blood draw.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"lighthearted, scientific","objects":[{"color":"various","name":"medical supplies","position":"on the table","state":"in use"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"top":"light blue long-sleeved shirt"},"face":"smiling, looking at his arm","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"one arm extended for blood draw","pose":"sitting","position":"foreground"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"top":"blue t-shirt"},"face":"smiling, looking at the camera","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"one arm extended for blood draw","pose":"sitting","position":"background"},{"age_range":"40s-50s","clothing":{"top":"white medical jacket"},"face":"focused","hair":"dark, pulled back","hands":"performing the blood draw","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"boat cabin interior","background":"Couch, windows, shelves.","lighting":"natural light from windows","location":"boat cabin"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":846,"speech":"This is my actual blood. We're going to see if sharks have a taste for it. And if they do, I probably won't go free diving with them.","visual":{"action":"A man without a shirt is crouched at the back of the boat, holding up a freshly filled bag of his own blood. He speaks to the camera with a nervous smile.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","dark red","skin tone","white","blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man and the bag of blood.","framing":"medium close-up"},"mood":"nervous, excited","objects":[{"color":"dark red","name":"blood bag","position":"in his hand","state":"full"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap, white wristband","bottom":"not fully visible","top":"shirtless"},"face":"smiling, talking","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"holding the blood bag","pose":"crouching","position":"center"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"sunglasses","top":"blue wetsuit top"},"face":"observing","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"resting","pose":"sitting","position":"background"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Open ocean.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"back of the boat"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":892,"speech":"Three, two, one. Commence.","visual":{"action":"The man stands on a high platform on the boat, holding the remote control. A drone flies past him as he initiates the second experiment.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","sky blue","white","gray","blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"low-angle, looking up","focus":"The man and the drone.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"dramatic, scientific","objects":[{"color":"gray","name":"drone","position":"flying past on the left","state":"in flight"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap","bottom":"rainbow board shorts","top":"gray t-shirt with red graphic"},"face":"focused","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"holding remote, pressing button","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"boat's mast/platform","background":"Ocean and sky.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"boat's upper deck"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":935,"speech":"We have like 55 more minutes to go. We'll see if the sharks notice it.","visual":{"action":"The man stands on a pier at the back of the boat, looking at his watch and then out at the experiment boards in the distance. A timer on screen shows 55:05 remaining.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","white","gray","blue","wood brown"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"patient, observational","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap, watch","bottom":"not visible","top":"gray t-shirt with red graphic"},"face":"speaking to the camera","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"looking at watch, gesturing","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"wooden pier/deck","background":"Open ocean.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"boat deck"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"TIME REMAINING 55:05","location":"bottom left","style":"white text in a teal box"}]}},{"t":952,"speech":"In this case, halfway into experiment number two, even though there were tons of sharks still in the area, the boards themselves were pretty quiet.","visual":{"action":"A split screen shows the underwater views for the 'SLOW BLOOD' and 'FAST BLOOD' boards. The water is clear and there are no sharks visible near the blood drips. A timer on screen shows 30:17 remaining.","colors":{"dominant":"blue","palette":["blue","turquoise","white","sand","light blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"underwater, eye-level","focus":"The area below the surfboards.","framing":"split-screen wide shot"},"mood":"quiet, uneventful","objects":[],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Sandy ocean floor and blue water.","lighting":"sunlight filtering through water","location":"underwater, Bahamas"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"TIME REMAINING 30:17","location":"bottom left","style":"white text in a teal box"},{"content":"SLOW BLOOD","location":"bottom left of left panel","style":"white text in a gray box"},{"content":"FAST BLOOD","location":"bottom right of right panel","style":"white text in a gray box"}]}},{"t":1000,"speech":"We'll have to see when we look at the footage afterwards, but so far, it looks like the answer's no.","visual":{"action":"Three men are gathered in a small room on the boat, looking at a drone remote controller screen. They seem surprised by the lack of activity.","colors":{"dominant":"white","palette":["white","gray","red","blue","skin tone"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The men and the controller.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"puzzled, analytical","objects":[{"color":"gray","name":"drone remote controller","position":"center","state":"being held and viewed"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap, watch","top":"gray t-shirt with red graphic"},"face":"speaking, looking at the others","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"gesturing","pose":"sitting","position":"center"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"green cap","top":"red and gray baseball tee"},"face":"looking down at the controller","hair":"dark, curly","hands":"holding the controller","pose":"sitting","position":"right"}],"setting":{"architecture":"cramped boat interior","background":"White walls, scuba gear visible.","lighting":"interior lighting","location":"boat interior"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":1016,"speech":"And so after the full hour, we brought in the boards and once again reviewed the footage to see that over the course of an hour, zero sharks checked out the control board, zero checked out the slow blood pumping board, and exactly zero sharks checked out the fast one.","visual":{"action":"A bar graph animation shows the results of the second experiment. Three labels are on the x-axis: SLOW BLOOD, SEA WATER, and FAST BLOOD. No bars rise for any of the categories, with a '0' appearing above each.","colors":{"dominant":"blue","palette":["blue","white","green","light blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"straight-on","focus":"The graph.","framing":"full screen"},"mood":"conclusive, surprising","objects":[],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Solid blue background.","lighting":"flat, even lighting","location":"animated graphic"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"0","location":"above each category","style":"white number"}]}},{"t":1027,"speech":"So this was by no means a perfect experiment, but I think it's safe to qualitatively say that if no sharks came to check out 15 drops of human blood a minute in the middle of shark-infested waters, you're probably going to be okay with a small scrape.","visual":{"action":"The man stands on a cliff overlooking a beach at sunset. He summarizes the findings of the experiments, speaking directly to the camera.","colors":{"dominant":"light gray","palette":["light gray","sand","white","khaki","dark blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"reassuring, conclusive","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"watch","bottom":"khaki shorts","top":"white 'America Online' t-shirt"},"face":"sincere, speaking","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"clasped in front","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"A beach with an amusement park pier in the distance at dusk.","lighting":"soft, evening light","location":"cliff overlooking a beach"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":1047,"speech":"Now that I had some firsthand data to put my mind at ease, I was willing to try diving with the sharks without a cage, but I had one final experiment.","visual":{"action":"Two men are on the boat deck, looking out at the turquoise water. One is in a wetsuit, the other in a t-shirt. They are smiling and talking.","colors":{"dominant":"turquoise","palette":["turquoise","blue","gray","white","skin tone"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The two men.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"confident, relieved","objects":[{"color":"silver","name":"scuba tanks","position":"background","state":"on deck"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap, watch","top":"gray t-shirt with red graphic"},"face":"smiling","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"resting on railing","pose":"standing","position":"left"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"watch","top":"blue wetsuit top"},"face":"smiling","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"resting on railing","pose":"leaning on railing","position":"right"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Open ocean.","lighting":"bright, sunny","location":"boat deck"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":1054,"speech":"I had a theory that if we secured a 360 camera to the front of a hand spear and then shot it near some sharks, we could create the world's first really cool Matrix-like underwater bullet time effect.","visual":{"action":"Inside the boat cabin, one man shows another a long black pole (hand spear) with a 360-degree camera attached to the end. The man holding it looks at it with interest.","colors":{"dominant":"wood brown","palette":["wood brown","blue","gray","white","black"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The camera on the spear.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"innovative, excited","objects":[{"color":"black","name":"hand spear with 360 camera","position":"center","state":"being held and examined"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"gray cap","top":"gray t-shirt with red graphic"},"face":"looking up, intrigued","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"touching the spear","pose":"sitting","position":"right"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"top":"blue wetsuit top"},"face":"explaining the device","hair":"short, blondish-brown","hands":"holding the spear","pose":"standing","position":"left"}],"setting":{"architecture":"boat cabin with wooden cabinets","background":"Kitchenette area of the boat.","lighting":"interior lighting","location":"boat cabin"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":1106,"speech":"","visual":{"action":"A montage shows a man in a full black scuba suit descending into the water with the camera spear. He is surrounded by sharks.","colors":{"dominant":"deep blue","palette":["deep blue","black","gray","white","turquoise"]},"composition":{"angle":"underwater, various","focus":"The diver and the sharks.","framing":"wide and medium shots"},"mood":"thrilling, immersive, awe-inspiring","objects":[{"color":"black","name":"camera spear","position":"in diver's hand","state":"being used"}],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"full scuba gear","top":"black wetsuit"},"face":"obscured by mask","hair":"not visible","hands":"holding the spear","pose":"diving, kneeling on seabed","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Clear blue water, sandy ocean floor, numerous sharks.","lighting":"bright sunlight filtering through the water","location":"underwater, Bahamas"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":1114,"speech":"Mark: This. Is terrifying.","visual":{"action":"From a first-person perspective, a large lemon shark swims directly over the diver's legs and fins on the sandy bottom.","colors":{"dominant":"light blue","palette":["light blue","sand","olive green","black","dark blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"point-of-view","focus":"The shark.","framing":"close-up"},"mood":"tense, overwhelming","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"fins","top":"black wetsuit"},"face":"not visible","hair":"not visible","hands":"not visible","pose":"kneeling or sitting on the seabed","position":"bottom of frame"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Sandy ocean floor.","lighting":"bright, underwater sunlight","location":"underwater"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"Mark: This. Is terrifying.","location":"bottom center","style":"white subtitle text"}]}},{"t":1141,"speech":"Mark: Oh! He's got it!","visual":{"action":"A shark bites the camera at the end of the spear. The view switches to the camera's perspective, showing the inside of the shark's mouth as it bites down.","colors":{"dominant":"deep blue","palette":["deep blue","gray","white","pink","black"]},"composition":{"angle":"side view, then point-of-view from the camera","focus":"The shark's head and mouth.","framing":"close-up, then extreme close-up"},"mood":"shocking, intense","objects":[{"color":"black","name":"camera spear","position":"center","state":"being bitten"}],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Sandy seabed and other sharks.","lighting":"natural underwater light","location":"underwater"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"Mark: Oh! He's got it!","location":"bottom center","style":"white subtitle text"}]}},{"t":1201,"speech":"Mark: Oh gosh. Oh my gosh. Holy crap! Oh gosh. I'm gonna die! Save me, Luke!","visual":{"action":"From a first-person POV, the diver is surrounded by a chaotic swarm of large sharks, bumping into him and the camera spear from all directions.","colors":{"dominant":"blue","palette":["blue","olive green","sand","gray","black"]},"composition":{"angle":"point-of-view","focus":"The sharks immediately in front of the camera.","framing":"chaotic close-up"},"mood":"panicked, overwhelming, terrifying","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"scuba gear","top":"black wetsuit"},"face":"not visible","hair":"not visible","hands":"in black gloves, holding the spear","pose":"kneeling on the seabed","position":"bottom of frame"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"A frenzy of sharks and stirred-up sand.","lighting":"natural underwater light","location":"underwater"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"Mark: Oh my gosh. Holy crap! I'm gonna die! Save me Luke!","location":"bottom center","style":"white subtitle text"}]}},{"t":1220,"speech":"Luke: On that note, should we call it a day? Mark: Let's end on that.","visual":{"action":"Two divers are kneeling on the sandy ocean floor, surrounded by sharks. One gives a 'hang loose' hand signal, and they decide to end the dive.","colors":{"dominant":"deep blue","palette":["deep blue","sand","black","gray","light blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level, underwater","focus":"The two divers.","framing":"wide shot"},"mood":"conclusive, relieved","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"scuba gear","top":"black wetsuit"},"face":"obscured by mask","hair":"not visible","hands":"gesturing","pose":"kneeling","position":"left"},{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"scuba gear","top":"black wetsuit"},"face":"obscured by mask","hair":"not visible","hands":"holding camera spear","pose":"kneeling","position":"right"}],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Open water with many sharks.","lighting":"bright underwater sunlight","location":"underwater"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"Luke: On that note, should we call it a day?","location":"bottom center","style":"white subtitle text"},{"content":"Mark: Let's end on that.","location":"bottom center","style":"white subtitle text"}]}},{"t":1235,"speech":"What I'll take home from this shoot is just more evidence of the amazing animal that sharks are, but also the ability to point people in a specific direction to say, hey, your thoughts about them are a little overblown.","visual":{"action":"A man in a blue t-shirt stands on the back of the boat, speaking to the camera and summarizing his experience. 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I would say I respect them more after seeing their raw power up close, but at the same time, there's less of that fear that comes from ignorance.","visual":{"action":"The main host stands on a cliff overlooking a beach with an amusement park at sunset. He delivers his concluding thoughts to the camera.","colors":{"dominant":"light gray","palette":["light gray","sand","white","khaki","dark blue"]},"composition":{"angle":"eye-level","focus":"The man.","framing":"medium shot"},"mood":"thoughtful, conclusive","objects":[],"people":[{"age_range":"30s-40s","clothing":{"accessories":"watch","bottom":"khaki shorts","top":"white 'America Online' t-shirt"},"face":"sincere, reflective","hair":"short, dark brown","hands":"clasped in front","pose":"standing","position":"center"}],"setting":{"architecture":"roller coasters and ferris wheel in the background","background":"A wide beach with an amusement park at dusk.","lighting":"soft, warm evening light","location":"cliff overlooking Santa Cruz beach"},"text_on_screen":[]}},{"t":1299,"speech":"","visual":{"action":"A black screen with white text appears.","colors":{"dominant":"black","palette":["black","white"]},"composition":{"angle":"straight-on","focus":"The text.","framing":"full screen"},"mood":"informational","objects":[],"people":[],"setting":{"architecture":"","background":"Solid black.","lighting":"n/a","location":"graphic"},"text_on_screen":[{"content":"please consider subscribing","location":"center","style":"white, typewriter font"}]}}],"created_at":"2026-04-11 17:33:54","processed_at":"2026-04-11 17:41:10","view_count":1,"thumbnail":"/data/videos/63953b1a-58f9-473c-acba-4a9e500a0788/thumbnail.jpg","video":"/data/videos/63953b1a-58f9-473c-acba-4a9e500a0788/web.mp4","urls":{"page":"/v/testing-if-sharks-can-smell-a-drop-of-blood","api":"/api/v1/videos/testing-if-sharks-can-smell-a-drop-of-blood","timeline_file":"/data/videos/63953b1a-58f9-473c-acba-4a9e500a0788/timeline.json"}}